Tensions between the “West” and the “Arab & Muslim World” have reached unprecedented heights. These tensions have far-reaching effects, whether manifested by mass protests, economic boycotts, or violence. These issues are by no means based on a lack of communication alone, but improved communication will certainly play a critical role in addressing them. Soliya contends that at the root of the misunderstanding between these groups there are “conflicting narratives” about the relationship between the “West” and the “Arab & Muslim World” that often lead to misguided policies and acts of violence against the “other.”
These conflicting narratives derive from:
- Ignorance & Stereotypes – There is a lack of knowledge regarding the historical, political and cultural context of many of today’s most divisive issues. This ignorance can result in negative stereotypes and lead to actions and policies that further exacerbate the tension.
- Lack of Meaningful Relationships – The vast majority of people on the various sides of these issues simply do not have the opportunity to directly interact with each other and discuss or address their differences. Without such opportunities, it is easy to dehumanize the “other” and believe that they have few common values or experiences.
- Deficiency of skills to effectively communicate and think critically – Many people lack the necessary communication skills to effectively convey their viewpoints and hear those of others. The media plays a profound role in shaping our perspectives, particularly in a dynamic in which there is little direct personal contact, such as the relationship between the West & the Arab & Muslim World. Yet the mainstream media outlets present radically different portrayals of the nature of the relationship between the Arab & Muslim World and the West and the events and issues that divide them, and the average individual does not have the skills to critically assess the information he/she is exposed to or his/her own viewpoints on the issues.
These issues are exacerbated because there are few opportunities or tools to constructively influence relations between the West and the Arab & Muslim World. The lack of constructive opportunities to effect change leads to a pervasive sense of powerlessness and frustration which can promote disengagement from the political process or engagement in less constructive ways, such as through acts of violence or support for violent acts.